Amphitheatrum Flavium, better known as the Colosseum, Rome, 1st July 2011

A colossal number of deaths

Roughly three weeks ago, I saw a documentary about Rome on M6 (a privately owned French television channel) as part of a series this channel runs on a weekly basis called ‘exclusive investigations’ (‘Enquête exclusive’ in French). To be more precise, the documentary was about the kind of scams tourists are often the victims of in the Eternal City. Hence the title which I do not even need to translate into English if I tell you that ‘arnaques’ means scams: ‘Rome: tourisme, arnaques et racket’.

One of the sections focused on what seems to be a highly lucrative business, namely providing tour guides to groups of tourists, and more specifically this section looked at the ways in which some tourists get conned in the process. Using a hidden camera, one of the journalists revealed the lack of historical accuracy bordering at times on sheer fantasy that the tour guide of the group he had joined was guilty of, most notably when she claimed that the Amphitheatrum Flavium (which is better known as the Colosseum) was the monument where the greatest number of deaths occurred worldwide: according to her, 6 million people over a period of 500 years.


Spurious claim about the number of people killed in the Colosseum; video excerpt (in French) available here [please note that I have been unable to disable ‘autoplay’, so I would suggest that you lower the volume of your speakers before accessing this clip.]


In this excerpt, the journalist questions another tour guide (with quasi ‘bullet proof’ academic credentials) about the validity of this claim. Citing an Italian historian, Alberto Angela, the other French tour guide, Caroline, puts forward a much smaller figure of ‘perhaps’ some 1.5 million killed in  the Colosseum. Even if only a fourth of the figure claimed by the first tour guide, I was shocked that such a staggering number of people could have been murdered (for ‘entertainment’) in one single place. A quick Internet search yielded a similar estimate: ‘Hawkins estimates there could have been 5,000 gladiators killed each year during the Roman Empire...’ (source). 5,000 deaths a year makes 500,000 in a century, therefore slightly more than Mr Angela's estimate given that the amphitheatre was used for gladiatorial fights over a period of nearly 400 years (AD79 to 435).

A documentary I had seen only a couple of weeks earlier about the Romans' failed conquest of Scotland (a subject I had studied in university) had brought back to my mind the horror of Rome's gladiatorial fights and more specifically this particularly hideous variant called ‘damnatio ad bestias’ (capital punishment by beasts – more at Wikipedia):


Cruel ‘entertainment’ for propaganda purposes in Rome's far-flung provinces [from the documentary ‘Scotland: Rome's final frontier’ with Dr Fraser Hunter; video excerpt available here; please note that I have been unable to disable ‘autoplay’, so I would suggest that you lower the volume of your speakers before accessing this clip.] 

No wonder that when we stopped at Verona in September this year during my week of holidays in Italy, this time, I did not venture too close to the city's amphitheatre – however, impressive a building it is. Indeed, even if I would suspect that the number of people killed in the amphitheatre of Verona must have been only a fraction of the number of the poor wretches who died in Rome's Colosseum, I felt that the place could only have a negative aura, so I decided to walk past the famous arena...


      Verona's Roman amphitheatre  (picture from my other blog)


* Alberto Angela is the author of ‘A Day in the Life of Ancient Rome’ [translation by Gregory Conti]

PS As I have written elsewhere, I am no longer that much of a fan of Roman civilisation...

Lausanne, 2nd November 2015